If you want to assign a color to one or more faces in Vertex Paint mode in Blender, the first thing to do is enable Paint Mask mode...
Video Transcript
If you want to assign a color to one or more faces in Vertex Paint mode in Blender, the first thing to do is enable Paint Mask mode. As the tooltip explains, this mode lets you apply color only to the selected faces, effectively creating a mask for the effect.


The mask will therefore limit the painting effect to the selected faces only.

If you want to apply the chosen color evenly in one go to all the faces in your selection, simply use the Set Vertex Color tool in the Paint menu, whose shortcut is CTRL X.

To select faces while in Paint Mask mode, you can use Blender’s main selection methods, such as the B, C, or even L keys, the shortcut for Linked. Linked, in particular, lets you select all the elements physically connected to the one under the mouse cursor when you press L.


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